How to configure solar street lights?

With the increasing shortage of traditional energy sources, the application of solar energy will become more and more extensive. In particular, the field of solar power has developed into a mature sunrise industry in a short period of time.

1: Currently, one of the most important factors restricting the application of solar power generation is the price. Take a two-way solar street lamp as an example. The total load of the two roads is 60 watts. (Effective light 4.5h/day and night in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Discharge 7 hours, increase the battery board 20% reserve amount calculation) its battery board needs about 160W, according to 30 yuan per watt, the cost of the battery board will be 4800 yuan, plus 180AH battery pack costs around 1800 Around the time, the one-time input cost of the entire street lamp is much higher than the city circuit lamp, causing a major bottleneck in the application of solar street lamps.

2: The battery life should also be considered in the application of the entire street light system, the general battery warranty for three or five years, but the general battery in one year or even six months later will appear to be dissatisfied with the charge, some of the actual charge rate It may drop to about 50%, which will definitely affect the normal lighting at night during continuous rainy days, so it is particularly important to choose a better battery.

3: Some project companies often use LED lights as the solar street lighting, but the quality of LED lights is not uniform, and LED with serious light decay may attenuate 50% of light for half a year. Therefore, we must choose LED light with slower light decay, or use non-polar light, low pressure sodium light and so on.

4: The controller selection is often a problem that is neglected by the engineering company. The quality of the controller is uneven. The market price of the 12V/10A controller is between 100-200 yuan, which is the lowest value in the entire street lighting system. Partly, but it is a very important part.

The quality of the controller has a direct impact on the component lifespan of the solar street lighting system and the procurement cost of the entire system. One: The controller with low power consumption should be selected. The controller operates 24 hours a day. If the power consumption of the controller is high, the controller will consume more power. Consuming some of the power, it is best to choose a controller that consumes less than 1 milliamp (MA).

Two: To choose a controller with high charging efficiency, the controller with MCT charging mode can automatically track the maximum current of the battery panel, especially in the winter or during the period when the light is insufficient, the MCT charging mode is about 20% more efficient than others.

Three: The controller with two channels of power should be selected. The controller with power regulation has been widely promoted. One or two channels of lighting can be automatically turned off during the rare pedestrians at night, which saves electricity and can be used to adjust the power of LED lights. . In addition to selecting the above power saving function, it is also important to focus on controller protection functions for the battery and other components. A controller with trickle charge mode can protect the battery, increase the battery life, and set the controller undervoltage protection. When valued, try to adjust the undervoltage protection value to ≥ 11.1V to prevent the battery from overdischarging.

5: The distance from the urban areas should also pay attention to anti-theft work, many construction companies because of construction negligence, there is no effective anti-theft, resulting in battery, battery panels and other components stolen, not only affects the normal lighting, but also caused unnecessary property loss. In the current engineering case, most of the stolen goods are batteries. Pouring the battery in underground cement is an effective anti-theft measure.

It is best to add a battery box for welding reinforcement.

6: Waterproof controller, the controller is generally installed in the lampshade, battery box, generally will not enter the water, but in the actual project case, the controller terminal connection line is often due to rain along the connecting line into the controller to cause a short circuit. Therefore, during construction, attention should be paid to bending the internal connection wire into a “U” shape and a solid type. The external connection wire can also be fixed to a “U” type so that rain will not leak into the controller and cause a short circuit. Apply waterproof glue to the interface.

7: In the practical application of many solar street lamps, solar street lamps in many places can not meet the normal lighting needs, especially in the rainy days, in addition to the use of the poor quality of the relevant components, the other main reason is to blindly reduce the cost of components , Design and configuration not in accordance with requirements, to reduce the use of battery panels and battery standards, so that in the rainy days, street lamps can not provide lighting. The following formulas are provided for the calculation of the solar panel and battery configuration:

One: First calculate the current:

Such as: 12V battery system; 30W lamp 2, total 60 watts.

Current = 60W ÷ 12V = 5A

II: Calculate the battery capacity requirement:

Such as: the cumulative lighting time of the street lamp needs to be 7 hours full load (h);

(Opens at 8:00 pm, closes at 1:30 pm, opens at 4:30 in the morning and closes at 5:30 in the morning)

Need to meet the lighting needs of continuous rainy days for 5 days. (5 days plus lighting one night before rainy days, totaling 6 days)

Battery = 5A × 7h × (5 + 1) days = 5A × 42h = 210AH

In addition, in order to prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging, the battery is generally charged to about 90%; the remaining 20% of the discharge.

So 210AH is only about 70% of the true standard in the application.

Three: Calculate the peak demand of the panel (WP):

The cumulative lighting time of the street lights needs to be 7 hours per hour (h);

★: The panel receives an average of 4.5 hours of light (h) per day;

At least relax 20% of the panel's demand for reservations.

WP÷17.4V=(5A×7h×120%)÷4.5h

WP÷17.4V=9.33

WP=162(W)

★: The daily illumination time of 4.5h is the sunshine coefficient near the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

In addition, in the solar street lamp assembly, the power loss of the line loss, the controller, and the ballast or the constant current source are different, and the actual application may be about 5% to 25%. Therefore, 162W is only a theoretical value and needs to be increased according to the actual situation.

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