High-power solar LED street light system design

In recent years, with the development of solar photovoltaic technology and LED lighting technology, solar LED street lamps have entered the field of urban lighting. LED as an illumination source has DC low voltage drive, low power consumption, anti-vibration, long life, nanosecond response speed, large design space, environmental protection, continuous switching flash, and can be easily realized compared with traditional illumination sources. The advantages of 0 to 100% dimming function are considered to be a new generation of green lighting equipment. Solar LED street lights use solar energy as an energy source. Each street lamp is independent, easy to install, no need to lay cables and wires, no need to exchange electric energy and electricity, DC power supply, light control timing control, safe and reliable, energy saving, economical, environmental protection, practical.

1. Selection of solar panels and batteries

1.1 Solar panel selection

At present, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, and the highest is 24%. Currently, all kinds of solar cells have the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency and the most mature technology. The service life is generally up to 15 a and up to 25 a. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 12%, and the service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is also shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of amorphous silicon thin film solar cells is low. At present, the international advanced level is about 10%, and it is not stable enough. As time goes by, its conversion efficiency is attenuated, which directly affects its practical application. Therefore, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are currently used.

According to the principle of solar radiation, the amount of radiation obtained on the solar array is related to many factors: local latitude, altitude, atmospheric pollution or transparency, changes in the four seasons of the year, changes in the day, reaching the ground. The solar radiation value, the proportion of the scattered component, the reflection coefficient of the ground surface, the operation mode of the solar cell array or the inclination of the fixed square matrix, and the cleanliness of the surface of the solar cell array. The charging and discharging efficiency of the solar lighting system is 0.75, the loss correction coefficient of the solar battery module group is 0.95, and the dust shielding and other loss correction coefficient is 0.90. After the query data and unit conversion and simplified processing, the formula for calculating the total solar cell usage P can be obtained:

1.2 Selection of battery

The capacity of the battery should be determined according to the power of the solar panel and the power of the LED street lamp and the lighting time. The battery should match the solar cell and the LED street lamp. A simple way to determine the relationship between them. The solar cell power must be more than 4 times higher than the load power for the system to work properly. The voltage of the solar cell should exceed 20% to 30% of the operating voltage of the battery to ensure normal storage of the battery. Therefore, the battery capacity must be more than 6 times higher than the daily load of the load.

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